2026 Dual Enrollment American Government Complete Practice Test

This question is about how the Constitution creates a national court system. Under the Articles of Confederation there was no national judiciary to interpret laws or settle interstate disputes. The United States Constitution fixes that by establishing the judicial branch in Article III. It vests judicial power in a supreme court and in lower federal courts that Congress may establish, creating a centralized system of courts to interpret federal laws and resolve disputes that rise under them. It also provides for life tenure for judges (during good behavior) to protect independence from political influence.

The other options don’t establish the national judiciary. The Preamble sets out the purposes of the Constitution rather than creating a branch of government. Article II creates and describes the executive branch. Amendment X reserves powers to the states.